Business PME is a gate of free information bound for the companies in the United States of America. This website offers thousands of contents as well as a companies directory.
The group’s other BtoB websites
-- Professional Networking
Friday March 19th 2010
Searcharticles Search
companies
- Strategy
- Marketing
- Advertising
- Trade
- Human Ress.
- Law & Rights
- Economics
- Finance
- Production
- Technologies
History of software engineering (1990s – today) | ||
The rise of the Internet, based on pre-planned government-sponsored technology, led to very rapid growth in the demand for international information display/e-mail systems on the world wide web. Programmers were required to handle illustrations, maps, photographs, and other images, plus simple animation, at a rate never before seen, with few well-known methods to optimize image display/storage (such as the use of thumbnail images). The growth of browser usage, running on the HTML language, changed the way in which information-display and retrieval was organized. The wide-spread network connections led to the growth and prevention of international computer viruses on MS Windows computers, and the vast proliferation of spam e-mail became a major design issue in e-mail systems, flooding communication channels and requiring semi-automated pre-screening. Keyword-search systems evolved into web-based search engines, and many software systems had to be re-designed, for international searching, depending on Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques. Human natural-language translation systems were needed to attempt to translate the information flow in multiple foreign languages, with many software systems being designed for multi-language usage, based on design concepts from human translators. Typical computer-user bases went from hundreds, or thousands of users, to, often, many-millions of international users. 2000 to Present: Lightweight MethodologiesWith the expanding demand for software in many smaller organizations, the need for inexpensive software solutions led to the growth of simpler, faster methodologies that developed running software, from requirements to deployment, quicker & easier. The use of rapid-prototyping evolved to entire lightweight methodologies, such as Extreme Programming (XP), which attempted to simplify many areas of software engineering, including requirements gathering and reliability testing for the growing, vast number of small software systems. Very large software systems still used heavily-documented methodologies, with many volumes in the documentation set; however, smaller systems had a simpler, faster alternative approach to managing the development and maintenance of software calculations and algorithms, information storage/retrieval and display. Major developmentsThere are a numbers of areas where the evolution of software engineering is notable: * Emergence as a profession: From the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s, software engineering emerged as a bona fide profession, to stand beside computer science and traditional engineering. See also software engineering professionalism. * Role of women: In the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, software was often written by women. Men often filled the higher prestige hardware engineering roles. Grace Hopper and many other unsung women filled many programming jobs during the first several decades of software engineering. Today, fewer women work in software engineering than in other professions. Saying that this is sexual discrimination is too simple, because it related directly to individual identity. The roles women fill in SE continue evolving. * Processes and Methodology: Processes and methodologies have become big parts of software engineering. Many practitioners resist process, which often treats them impersonally like machines, rather than like people. * Cost of hardware: The relative cost of software versus hardware has changed substantially over the last 50 years. When mainframes were expensive and required large support staffs, software projects could be expensive. Because powerful PCs are cheap, there is an expectation that software projects should be concomitantly less expensive. This expectation lacks any logical basis, but is so widespread that it functions as a self-fulfilling prophecy. Copyright 2008 - France BtoB from Wikipédia
|
• Three levels of collaboration on Interne&hellip
• Disadvantages of Wi-Fi • Computer-aided manufacturing • Enterprise resource planning • Database administrator • E-mail Web bugs • Software license | |
